Definition
καί,
conj.,
and
I. Copulative.
1. Connecting single words;
(a) in general: Matthew 2:18; 16:1, Mark 2:15, Luke 8:15, Hebrews 1:1, al. mult.; repeated before each of the terms in a series, Matthew 23:23, Luke 14:21, Romans 7:12; 9:4, al.
(b) connecting numerals (WM, §37, 4): John 2:20, Acts 13:20;
(with) joining terms which are not mutually exclusive, as the part with the whole: Matthew 8:33; 26:59, Mark 16:17, Acts 5:29, al.
2. Connecting clauses and sentences: Matthew 3:12, Acts 5:21, al. mult.; esp.
(a) where, after the simplicity of the popular language, sentences are paratactically joined (WM, §60, 3; M, Pr., 12; Deiss., LAE, 128ff.): Matthew 1:21; 7:25, Mark 9:5, John 10:3, al.;
(b) joining affirmative to negative sentences: Luke 3:14, John 4:11, IIIJhn.10;
(with) consecutive, and so: Matthew 5:1; 23:32, Hebrews 3:19, al.; after imperatives, Matthew 4:19, Luke 7:7, al.;
(d) = καίτοι, and yet: Matthew 3:14; 6:26, Mark 12:12, Luke 18:7 (Field, Notes, 72), 1 Corinthians 5:2, al.;
(e) beginning an apodosis (= Heb. וְ; so sometimes δέ in cl.), then: Luke 2:21; 7:12, Acts 1:10; beginning a question (WM, §53, 3a): Mark 10:26, Luke 10:29, John 9:36.
3. Epexegetic, and, and indeed, namely (WM, §53, 3c): Luke 3:18, John 1:16, Acts 23:6, Romans 1:5, 1 Corinthians 3:5, al.
4. In transition: Matthew 4:23, Mark 5:1, 21, John 1:19, al.; so, Hebraistically, καὶ ἐγένετο (וַי:הִי; also ἐγένετο δέ), Mark 1:9 (cf. Luke 5:1; V. Burton, §§357-60; M, Pr., 14, 16).
5. καὶ . . . καί, both . . . and (for τε . . . καί, see: τε);
(a) connecting single words: Matthew 10:28, Mark 4:41, Romans 11:33, al.;
(b) clauses and sentences: Mark 9:13, John 7:28, 1 Corinthians 1:22, al.
II. Adjunctive, also, even, still: Matthew 5:39, 40; Mark 2:28, al. mult.; esp. with pron., adv., etc., Matthew 20:4, John 7:47, al; ὡς κ., Acts 11:17; καθὼς κ., Romans 15:7; οὑτω κ., Romans 6:11; διὸ κ., Luke 1:35; ὁ κ. (Deiss., BS, 313ff.), Acts 13:9; pleonastically, μετὰ κ.. (Bl., §77, 7; Deiss., BS, 265f,), Philippians 4:3; τί κ., 1 Corinthians 15:29; ἀλλὰ κ., Luke 14:22, John 5:18, al.; καίγε (M, Pr., 230; Burton, §437), Acts 17:27; καίπερ, Hebrews 5:8; κ. ἐάν, see: ἐάν.
ἐάν, contr. fr. εἰ ἄν,
conditional particle,
representing something as "under certain circumstances actual or liable to happen," but not so definitely expected as in the case of εἰ with ind. (Bl., §65, 4; cf. John 13:17, 1 Corinthians 7:36), if haply, if;
1. with subjc. (cl.);
(a) pres.: Matthew 6:22, Luke 10:6, John 7:17, Romans 2:25, 26 al.;
{ __(b) aor. (= Lat. fut. pf.): Matthew 4:9; 16:26 (cf. ptcp. in Luke 9:25; M, Pr., 230), Mark 3:24, Luke 14:34, John 5:43, Romans 7:2, al.; = cl. εἰ, with opt., John 9:22; 11:57, Acts 9:2; as Heb. אִם = ὅταν, John 12:32; 14:3, I John 2:28; 3:2, Hebrews 3:7" (LXX) .
2. C. indic, (as in late writers, fr. Arist. on; see WH, App., 171; VD, MGr. 2, App., §77; Deiss., BS, 201f., LAE, 155, 254; M, Pr., 168, 187; Bl., §65, 4);
(a) fut.: Matthew 18:19 T, Luke 19:40, Acts 7:7;
(b) pres.: 1 Thessalonians 3:8 (see Milligan, in l.).
3. With other particles: ἐ. καί (Bl., §65, 6), Galatians 6:1; ἐ. μή (M, Pr., 185, 187; Bl., l.with), with subjc. pres., Matthew 10:13, 1 Corinthians 8:8, James 2:17, 1 John 3:21; aor., Matthew 6:15, Mark 3:27, John 3:3, Romans 10:15, Galatians 1:8; 2:16 (see Lft., Ellic., in ll.); ἐ. τε . . . ἐ. τε, [in LXX for אִם . . . אִם, Esther 19:13, al.,] Romans 14:8.
4. = cl. ἄν (which see) after relat. pronouns and adverbs (Tdf., Pr., 96; WH, App., 173; M, Pr., 42f.; Bl., §26, 4; Mayser, 152f.; Deiss., BS, 202ff.): ὃς ἐ., Matthew 5:19, Mark 6:22, 23, Luke 17:32, 1 Corinthians 6:18, al.; ὅπου ἐ., Matthew 8:19; ὁσάκις ἐ., Revelation 11:6; οὗ ἐ., 1 Corinthians 16:6; καθὸ ἐ., 2 Corinthians 8:12; ὅστις ἐ., Galatians 5:10.
Hebrew words it translates
Usage patterns
Occurrences
- James 2:6καὶ · andBut you have dishonored the poor. Is it not the rich who oppress you and drag you into court?
- James 2:11καί · alsoFor He who said, “Do not commit adultery,” also said, “Do not murder.” If you do not commit adultery, but do commit murder, you have become a lawbreaker.
- James 2:12καὶ · andSpeak and act as those who are going to be judged by the law that gives freedom.
- James 2:15καὶ · andSuppose a brother or sister is without clothes and daily food.
- James 2:16καὶ · andIf one of you tells him, “Go in peace; stay warm and well fed,” but does not provide for his physical needs, what good is that?
- James 2:17καὶ · tooSo too, faith by itself, if it does not result in action, is dead.
- James 2:19καὶ · Even; καὶ · andYou believe that God is one. Good for you! Even the demons believe that—and shudder.
- James 2:22καὶ · andYou see that his faith was working with his actions, and his faith was perfected by what he did.
- James 2:23καὶ · And; καὶ · and; καὶ · andAnd the Scripture was fulfilled that says, “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness,” and he was called a friend of God.
- James 2:24καὶ · andAs you can see, a man is justified by his deeds and not by faith alone.
- James 2:25καὶ · even; καὶ · andIn the same way, was not even Rahab the prostitute justified by her actions when she welcomed the spies and sent them off on another route?
- James 2:26καὶAs the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without deeds is dead.
- James 3:2καὶWe all stumble in many ways. If anyone is never at fault in what he says, he is a perfect man, able to control his whole body.
- James 3:3καὶWhen we put bits into the mouths of horses to make them obey us, we can guide the whole animal.
- James 3:4καὶ · as well; καὶ · andConsider ships as well. Although they are so large and are driven by strong winds, they are steered by a very small rudder wherever the pilot is inclined.
- James 3:5καὶ; καὶ · [but]In the same way, the tongue is a small part of the body, but it boasts of great things. Consider how small a spark sets a great forest ablaze.
- James 3:6καὶ · also; καὶ; καὶ · andThe tongue also is a fire, a world of wickedness among the parts of the body. It pollutes the whole person, sets the course of his life on fire, and is itself set on fire by hell.
- James 3:7καὶ; καὶ · and; καὶ · andAll kinds of animals, birds, reptiles, and creatures of the sea are being tamed and have been tamed by man,
- James 3:9καὶ · and; καὶ · andWith the tongue we bless our Lord and Father, and with it we curse men, who have been made in God’s likeness.
- James 3:10καὶ · andOut of the same mouth come blessing and cursing. My brothers, this should not be!
- James 3:11καὶ · andCan both fresh water and salt water flow from the same spring?
- James 3:13καὶ · andWho is wise and understanding among you? Let him show it by his good conduct, by deeds done in the humility that comes from wisdom.
- James 3:14καὶ · and; καὶ · orBut if you harbor bitter jealousy and selfish ambition in your hearts, do not boast in it or deny the truth.
- James 3:16καὶ · and; καὶ · andFor where jealousy and selfish ambition exist, there will be disorder and every evil practice.
- James 3:17καὶ · andBut the wisdom from above is first of all pure, then peace-loving, gentle, accommodating, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial, and sincere.
- James 4:1καὶ · andWhat causes conflicts and quarrels among you? Don’t they come from the passions at war within you?
- James 4:2καὶ · [what]; καὶ · and; καὶ · but; καὶ · andYou crave what you do not have; you kill and covet, but are unable to obtain it. You quarrel and fight. You do not have, because you do not ask.
- James 4:3καὶAnd when you do ask, you do not receive, because you ask with wrong motives, that you may squander it on your pleasures.
- James 4:7καὶ · andSubmit yourselves, then, to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.
- James 4:8καὶ · and; καὶ · andDraw near to God, and He will draw near to you. Cleanse your hands, you sinners, and purify your hearts, you double-minded.
- James 4:9καὶ; καὶ · and; καὶ · andGrieve, mourn, and weep. Turn your laughter to mourning, and your joy to gloom.