σοφία

σοφία, -ας, ἡ

[in LXX chiefly for חׇכְמָה ;]

skill, intelligence, wisdom, ranging from knowledge of the arts and matters of daily life to mental excellence in its highest and fullest sense;

(a) of human wisdom: 1 Corinthians 2:1; 2:4-5, James 3:15, Revelation 13:18; 17:9; σ. Σολομῶνος, Matthew 12:42, Luke 11:31; Αἰγυπτίων, Acts 7:22; Ἕλληνες σ. ζητοῦσιν, 1 Corinthians 1:22; σ. λόγου, 1 Corinthians 1:17; τ. σοφῶν, 1 Corinthians 1:19 (LXX); τ. κόσμου, 1 Corinthians 1:20-21; 3:19; ἀνθρωπίνη, 1 Corinthians 2:13; σαρκική, 2 Corinthians 1:12;

of wisdom in spiritual things: Luke 21:15, Acts 6:3, 10; 7:10, 1 Corinthians 2:6, Colossians 1:28; 2:23; 3:16; 4:5, James 1:5; 3:13, 17, 2 Peter 3:15; λόγος σοφίας, 1 Corinthians 12:8; πνεῦμα σοφίας, Ephesians 1:17; σ. καὶ φρόνησις, Ephesians 1:8; σ. καὶ σύνεσις, Colossians 1:9;

(b) of divine wisdom: of God, Romans 11:33, 1 Corinthians 1:21; 1:24; 2:7, Revelation 7:12; πολυποίκιλος, Ephesians 3:10

of Christ, Matthew 13:54, Mark 6:2, Luke 2:40, 52, 1 Corinthians 1:30, Colossians 2:3, Revelation 5:12;

of wisdom personified, Matthew 11:19, Luke 7:35; 11:49.

Synonyms: σύνεσις, intelligence; φρόνησις, prudence, which with σ. make up (Arist., N. Eth., i, 13) the three intellectual ἀρεταί. σ. is wisdom primary and absolute; in distinction from which φ. is practical, σύνεσις critical, both being applications of σ. in detail (cf. Lft., and ICC on Colossians 1:9; Lft., Notes, 317 f.; Tr., Syn., § LXXv; Cremer, 870 ff.).