Hittites … Jebusites: See study note on 3:10.
The fertile region of lower hills between the highlands of Judah and the southern coastal plain was known as the western foothills.
Although not all of the coastal plain of the Mediterranean Sea (the Great Sea) was occupied during this period, several important cities did exist. The kings of those small city-states, as far north as Mount Carmel, joined the southern coalition to resist Israel’s advances.