Study note

1 Kings 10:22

  • the ships of Tarshish: This Hebrew term refers to a type of merchant ship.

  • Phoenician sailors operated Solomon’s fleet, which sailed from Ezion-geber (1 Kings 9:26–28; see Isaiah 23:1).

  • apes, and peacocks: Archaeology shows that kings imported these animals. They were valued for their novelty, exotic nature, and as symbols of conquering distant lands.