Study note

Isaiah 23:4

  • Part of the great port city of Tyre was on an island. The island city was a sea fortress, but it fell in 332 BC.

  • I have not been in labor or given birth. I have not raised young men or brought up young women: This metaphor was a judgment on Tyre’s colonial ports around the Mediterranean Sea. In the ancient world, reaching old age without children was considered a terrible fate (see Isaiah 49:21; 54:1).