The phrase translated as host of heaven comes from the Hebrew tseba’ hammarom, which means “armed army of the heavens.” This phrase may refer to pagan gods that people believed were represented by the stars.
It may also refer to angels. Some scholars think it could even include demons (Revelation 12:4, 9). The judgment described here will reach every part of creation. It will affect both the earth and the heavens (Isaiah 13:13; 34:5; see Ephesians 6:11–12).