Jehoshaphat

Jehoshaphat was the son of Asa and became a powerful and righteous king of Judah.

The name Jehoshaphat means “the Lord is judge”

MaleKingTribe of JudahDivided Monarchy eraOld & New Testaments5 books100 verses

Summary

A king of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1 Kings 15:24; referred to as Jehoshaphat (יְהוֹשָׁפָט) or Jehoshaphat (Ἰωσαφάτ); a son of Asa and Azubah; father of Jehoram, Azariah, Jehiel, Zechariah, Azariahu, Michael and Shephatiah.

Profile

Jehoshaphat became the fourth king of Judah after his father Asa, who ruled from 872 to 848 BC. Like Hezekiah and Josiah, Jehoshaphat trusted the Lord throughout his life. He worked to remove most pagan worship from Israel (2 Chronicles 17:6).

Jehoshaphat continued his father Asa’s religious reforms but changed his foreign policy. He stopped Judah’s war with Israel over their borders (see 1 Kings 22:2). He allied with Ahab. To strengthen this alliance, he arranged for his son Jehoram to marry Ahab’s daughter Athaliah (2 Chronicles 18:1–2; 2 Kings 8:18). He also supported the north in wars against the Arameans and Moabites (2 Chronicles 18:3–34; 1 Kings 22; 2 Kings 3:4–27). The prophet Jehu criticized Jehoshaphat for his unwise alliance with Israel (2 Chronicles 19:1–3). This led to his son Jehoram being influenced by Ahab and Jezebel. Jehoram and his son Ahaziah turned Judah toward idol worship.

During his reign, Jehoshaphat kept the worship of the Lord pure. He closed the temples of prostitution (1 Kings 22:46) and sent teachers of God's law throughout the land (2 Chronicles 17:7–9). He also set up a system of judges and told them to act as the Lord's representatives so that justice would prevail (2 Chronicles 19:4–7). He appointed Levites, priests, and family leaders to handle religious cases and resolve disputes among citizens (2 Chronicles 19:8–10).

Before going to battle, Jehoshaphat insisted on hearing from a true prophet of the Lord. In one of the most powerful descriptions of war in the Old Testament, Jehoshaphat spoke to the army before entering battle. As a result, God caused the armies from Ammon, Moab, and their allies to turn against each other (2 Chronicles 20).

Jehoshaphat died at around sixty years old and was buried in Jerusalem. His son Jehoram became the next king of Judah (2 Chronicles 21:1).

Passages for Further Study

1 Kings 15:24; 22:1–50; 2 Kings 3:1–27; 2 Chronicles 17:1–21:1

Events

Dates are approximate

Glossary entries

Jehoshaphat (Person) Josaphat

Family members

Father

Asa

Mother

Azubah

Alternative names

Mentions

Includes 33 verses that refer to Jehoshaphat without naming them, as “he”, “she”, or the subject of a verb.

  1. And Asa rested with his fathers and was buried with them in the city of his father David, and his son Jehoshaphat reigned in his place.
  2. However, in the third year, Jehoshaphat king of Judah went down to visit the king of Israel,
  3. So he asked Jehoshaphat, “Will you go with me to fight against Ramoth-gilead?” Jehoshaphat answered the king of Israel, “I am as you are, my people are your people, and my horses are your horses.”
  4. But Jehoshaphat also said to the king of Israel, “Please inquire first for the word of the LORD.”
  5. But Jehoshaphat asked, “Is there not still a prophet of the LORD here of whom we can inquire?”
  6. The king of Israel answered, “There is still one man through whom we can inquire of the LORD, but I hate him because he never prophesies anything good for me, but only bad. He is Micaiah son of Imlah.” “The king should not say that!” Jehoshaphat replied.
  7. Dressed in royal attire, the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah were sitting on their thrones at the threshing floor by the entrance of the gate of Samaria, with all the prophets prophesying before them.
  8. 1 Kings 22:15Referred to, not named
    When Micaiah arrived, the king asked him, “Micaiah, should we go to war against Ramoth-gilead, or should we refrain?” “Go up and triumph,” Micaiah replied, “for the LORD will deliver it into the hand of the king.”
  9. Then the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “Did I not tell you that he never prophesies good for me, but only bad?”
  10. So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah went up to Ramoth-gilead.
  11. And the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “I will disguise myself and go into battle, but you wear your royal robes.” So the king of Israel disguised himself and went into battle.
  12. When the chariot commanders saw Jehoshaphat, they said, “Surely this is the king of Israel!” So they turned to fight against him, but Jehoshaphat cried out.
  13. 1 Kings 22:33Referred to, not named
    And when the chariot commanders saw that he was not the king of Israel, they turned back from pursuing him.
  14. In the fourth year of Ahab’s reign over Israel, Jehoshaphat son of Asa became king of Judah.
  15. Jehoshaphat was thirty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem twenty-five years. His mother’s name was Azubah daughter of Shilhi.
  16. 1 Kings 22:43Referred to, not named
    And Jehoshaphat walked in all the ways of his father Asa; he did not turn away from them, but did what was right in the eyes of the LORD. The high places, however, were not removed; the people still sacrificed and burned incense on the high places.
  17. Jehoshaphat also made peace with the king of Israel.
  18. As for the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, along with the might he exercised and how he waged war, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah?
  19. 1 Kings 22:46Referred to, not named
    He banished from the land the male shrine prostitutes who remained from the days of his father Asa.
  20. Jehoshaphat built ships of Tarshish to go to Ophir for gold, but they never set sail, because they were wrecked at Ezion-geber.
  21. At that time Ahaziah son of Ahab said to Jehoshaphat, “Let my servants sail with your servants,” but Jehoshaphat refused.
  22. And Jehoshaphat rested with his fathers and was buried with them in the city of his father David. And his son Jehoram reigned in his place.
  23. In the seventeenth year of Jehoshaphat’s reign over Judah, Ahaziah son of Ahab became king of Israel, and he reigned in Samaria two years.
  24. So Ahaziah died according to the word of the LORD that Elijah had spoken. And since he had no son, Jehoram succeeded him in the second year of the reign of Jehoram son of Jehoshaphat over Judah.
  25. In the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat’s reign over Judah, Jehoram son of Ahab became king of Israel, and he reigned in Samaria twelve years.
  26. And he sent a message to Jehoshaphat king of Judah: “The king of Moab has rebelled against me. Will you go with me to fight against Moab?” “I will go,” replied Jehoshaphat. “I am as you are, my people are your people, and my horses are your horses.”
  27. 2 Kings 3:8Referred to, not named
    Then he asked, “Which way shall we go up?” “By way of the Desert of Edom,” replied Joram.
  28. But Jehoshaphat asked, “Is there no prophet of the LORD here? Let us inquire of the LORD through him.” And one of the servants of the king of Israel answered, “Elisha son of Shaphat is here. He used to pour water on the hands of Elijah.”
  29. Jehoshaphat affirmed, “The word of the LORD is with him.” So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat and the king of Edom went down to him.
  30. 2 Kings 3:13Referred to, not named
    Elisha, however, said to the king of Israel, “What have we to do with each other? Go to the prophets of your father and of your mother!” “No,” replied the king of Israel, “for it is the LORD who has summoned these three kings to deliver them into the hand of Moab.”
  31. Then Elisha said, “As surely as the LORD of Hosts lives, before whom I stand, were it not for my regard for the presence of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, I would not look at you or acknowledge you.
  32. 2 Kings 3:15Referred to, not named
    But now, bring me a harpist.” And while the harpist played, the hand of the LORD came upon Elisha
  33. 2 Kings 3:16Referred to, not named
    …and he said, “This is what the LORD says: ‘Dig this valley full of ditches.’
  34. 2 Kings 3:17Referred to, not named
    For the LORD says, ‘You will not see wind or rain, but the valley will be filled with water, and you will drink—you and your cattle and your animals.’
  35. 2 Kings 3:18Referred to, not named
    This is a simple matter in the sight of the LORD, and He will also deliver the Moabites into your hand.
  36. 2 Kings 3:19Referred to, not named
    And you shall attack every fortified city and every city of importance. You shall cut down every good tree, stop up every spring, and ruin every good field with stones.”
  37. In the fifth year of the reign of Joram son of Ahab over Israel, Jehoram son of Jehoshaphat succeeded his father as king of Judah.
  38. So King Joash of Judah took all the sacred objects dedicated by his fathers—Jehoshaphat, Jehoram, and Ahaziah, the kings of Judah—along with his own consecrated items and all the gold found in the treasuries of the house of the LORD and the royal palace, and he sent them to Hazael king of Aram. So Hazael withdrew from Jerusalem.
  39. Solomon’s son was Rehoboam: Abijah was his son, Asa his son, Jehoshaphat his son,
  40. 1 Chronicles 3:11Referred to, not named
    Joram his son, Ahaziah his son, Joash his son,
  41. Asa’s son Jehoshaphat reigned in his place, and he strengthened himself against Israel.
  42. 2 Chronicles 17:2Referred to, not named
    He stationed troops in every fortified city of Judah and put garrisons in the land of Judah and in the cities of Ephraim that his father Asa had captured.
  43. Now the LORD was with Jehoshaphat because he walked in the earlier ways of his father David. He did not seek the Baals,
  44. 2 Chronicles 17:4Referred to, not named
    …but he sought the God of his father and walked by His commandments rather than the practices of Israel.
  45. So the LORD established the kingdom in his hand, and all Judah brought him tribute, so that he had an abundance of riches and honor.
  46. 2 Chronicles 17:6Referred to, not named
    And his heart took delight in the ways of the LORD; furthermore, he removed the high places and Asherah poles from Judah.
  47. 2 Chronicles 17:7Referred to, not named
    In the third year of his reign, Jehoshaphat sent his officials Ben-hail, Obadiah, Zechariah, Nethanel, and Micaiah to teach in the cities of Judah,
  48. And the dread of the LORD fell upon all the kingdoms of the lands that surrounded Judah, so that they did not make war against Jehoshaphat.
  49. Some Philistines also brought gifts and silver as tribute to Jehoshaphat, and the Arabs brought him 7,700 rams and 7,700 goats from their flocks.
  50. Jehoshaphat grew stronger and stronger, and he built fortresses and store cities in Judah
  51. 2 Chronicles 17:13Referred to, not named
    …and kept vast supplies in the cities of Judah. He also had warriors in Jerusalem who were mighty men of valor.
  52. Now Jehoshaphat had an abundance of riches and honor, and he allied himself with Ahab by marriage.
  53. 2 Chronicles 18:2Referred to, not named
    And some years later he went down to visit Ahab in Samaria, where Ahab sacrificed many sheep and cattle for him and the people with him and urged him to march up to Ramoth-gilead.
  54. Ahab king of Israel asked Jehoshaphat king of Judah, “Will you go with me against Ramoth-gilead?” And Jehoshaphat replied, “I am as you are, and my people are your people; we will join you in the war.”
  55. But Jehoshaphat also said to the king of Israel, “Please inquire first for the word of the LORD.”
  56. 2 Chronicles 18:5Referred to, not named
    So the king of Israel assembled the prophets, four hundred men, and asked them, “Should we go to war against Ramoth-gilead, or should we refrain?” “Go up,” they replied, “and God will deliver it into the hand of the king.”
  57. But Jehoshaphat asked, “Is there not still a prophet of the LORD here of whom we can inquire?”
  58. The king of Israel answered, “There is still one man through whom we can inquire of the LORD, but I hate him because he never prophesies anything good for me, but only bad. He is Micaiah son of Imlah.” “The king should not say that!” Jehoshaphat replied.
  59. Dressed in royal attire, the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah were sitting on their thrones at the threshing floor by the entrance of the gate of Samaria, with all the prophets prophesying before them.
  60. 2 Chronicles 18:14Referred to, not named
    When Micaiah arrived, the king asked him, “Micaiah, should we go to war against Ramoth-gilead, or should we refrain?” “Go up and triumph,” Micaiah replied, “for they will be delivered into your hand.”
  61. Then the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “Did I not tell you that he never prophesies good for me, but only bad?”
  62. So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah went up to Ramoth-gilead.
  63. And the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “I will disguise myself and go into battle, but you wear your royal robes.” So the king of Israel disguised himself and went into battle.
  64. When the chariot commanders saw Jehoshaphat, they said, “This is the king of Israel!” So they turned to fight against him, but Jehoshaphat cried out, and the LORD helped him. God drew them away from him.
  65. 2 Chronicles 18:32Referred to, not named
    And when the chariot commanders saw that he was not the king of Israel, they turned back from pursuing him.
  66. When Jehoshaphat king of Judah had returned safely to his home in Jerusalem,
  67. Jehu son of Hanani the seer went out to confront him and said to King Jehoshaphat, “Should you help the wicked and love those who hate the LORD? Because of this, the wrath of the LORD is upon you.
  68. Jehoshaphat lived in Jerusalem, and once again he went out among the people from Beersheba to the hill country of Ephraim and turned them back to the LORD, the God of their fathers.
  69. 2 Chronicles 19:5Referred to, not named
    He appointed judges in the land, in each of the fortified cities of Judah.
  70. 2 Chronicles 19:6Referred to, not named
    Then he said to the judges, “Consider carefully what you do, for you are not judging for man, but for the LORD, who is with you when you render judgment.
  71. 2 Chronicles 19:7Referred to, not named
    And now, may the fear of the LORD be upon you. Be careful what you do, for with the LORD our God there is no injustice or partiality or bribery.”
  72. Moreover, Jehoshaphat appointed in Jerusalem some of the Levites, priests, and heads of the Israelite families to judge on behalf of the LORD and to settle disputes. And they lived in Jerusalem.
  73. 2 Chronicles 19:9Referred to, not named
    He commanded them, saying, “You must serve faithfully and wholeheartedly in the fear of the LORD.
  74. After this, the Moabites and Ammonites, together with some of the Meunites, came to make war against Jehoshaphat.
  75. Then some men came and told Jehoshaphat, “A vast army is coming against you from Edom, from beyond the Sea; they are already in Hazazon-tamar” (that is, En-gedi).
  76. Jehoshaphat was alarmed and set his face to seek the LORD. And he proclaimed a fast throughout Judah.
  77. Then Jehoshaphat stood in the assembly of Judah and Jerusalem in the house of the LORD in front of the new courtyard
  78. 2 Chronicles 20:6Referred to, not named
    …and said, “O LORD, God of our fathers, are You not the God who is in heaven, and do You not rule over all the kingdoms of the nations? Power and might are in Your hand, and no one can stand against You.
  79. 2 Chronicles 20:7Referred to, not named
    Our God, did You not drive out the inhabitants of this land before Your people Israel and give it forever to the descendants of Abraham Your friend?
  80. 2 Chronicles 20:11Referred to, not named
    See how they are repaying us by coming to drive us out of the possession that You gave us as an inheritance.
  81. 2 Chronicles 20:12Referred to, not named
    Our God, will You not judge them? For we are powerless before this vast army that comes against us. We do not know what to do, but our eyes are upon You.”
  82. And he said, “Listen, all you people of Judah and Jerusalem! Listen, King Jehoshaphat! This is what the LORD says: ‘Do not be afraid or discouraged because of this vast army, for the battle does not belong to you, but to God.
  83. Then Jehoshaphat bowed facedown, and all the people of Judah and Jerusalem fell down before the LORD to worship Him.
  84. Early in the morning they got up and left for the Wilderness of Tekoa. As they set out, Jehoshaphat stood up and said, “Hear me, O people of Judah and Jerusalem. Believe in the LORD your God, and you will be upheld; believe in His prophets, and you will succeed.”
  85. 2 Chronicles 20:21Referred to, not named
    Then Jehoshaphat consulted with the people and appointed those who would sing to the LORD and praise the splendor of His holiness. As they went out before the army, they were singing: “Give thanks to the LORD, for His loving devotion endures forever.”
  86. Then Jehoshaphat and his people went to carry off the plunder, and they found on the bodies an abundance of goods and valuables—more than they could carry away. They were gathering the plunder for three days because there was so much.
  87. 2 Chronicles 20:26Referred to, not named
    On the fourth day they assembled in the Valley of Beracah, where they blessed the LORD. Therefore that place is called the Valley of Beracah to this day.
  88. Then all the men of Judah and Jerusalem, with Jehoshaphat at their head, returned joyfully to Jerusalem, for the LORD had made them rejoice over their enemies.
  89. 2 Chronicles 20:28Referred to, not named
    So they entered Jerusalem and went into the house of the LORD with harps, lyres, and trumpets.
  90. Then Jehoshaphat’s kingdom was at peace, for his God had given him rest on every side.
  91. So Jehoshaphat reigned over Judah. He was thirty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem twenty-five years. His mother’s name was Azubah daughter of Shilhi.
  92. 2 Chronicles 20:32Referred to, not named
    And Jehoshaphat walked in the way of his father Asa and did not turn away from it; he did what was right in the eyes of the LORD.
  93. As for the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, from beginning to end, they are indeed written in the Chronicles of Jehu son of Hanani, which are recorded in the Book of the Kings of Israel.
  94. Later, Jehoshaphat king of Judah made an alliance with Ahaziah king of Israel, who acted wickedly.
  95. Then Eliezer son of Dodavahu of Mareshah prophesied against Jehoshaphat, saying, “Because you have allied yourself with Ahaziah, the LORD has destroyed your works.” So the ships were wrecked and were unable to sail to Tarshish.
  96. And Jehoshaphat rested with his fathers and was buried with them in the City of David. And his son Jehoram reigned in his place.
  97. Jehoram’s brothers, the sons of Jehoshaphat, were Azariah, Jehiel, Zechariah, Azariah, Michael, and Shephatiah; these were all sons of Jehoshaphat king of Israel.
  98. Then a letter came to Jehoram from Elijah the prophet, which stated: “This is what the LORD, the God of your father David, says: ‘You have not walked in the ways of your father Jehoshaphat or of Asa king of Judah,
  99. Then Jehu looked for Ahaziah, and Jehu’s soldiers captured him while he was hiding in Samaria. So Ahaziah was brought to Jehu and put to death. They buried him, for they said, “He is the grandson of Jehoshaphat, who sought the LORD with all his heart.” So no one was left from the house of Ahaziah with the strength to rule the kingdom.
  100. Asa was the father of Jehoshaphat, Jehoshaphat the father of Joram, and Joram the father of Uzziah.