Edom

Edom, a nation descended from Esau that was often in conflict with Israel.

The name Edom means “red, earthy; of blood”

PlaceEdomOld Testament22 books108 verses

Summary

A location in Edom first mentioned at Genesis 36:40; referred to as Edom or Edomite (אֱדוֹם), Edomite (אֲדֹמִי), Aramean (אֲרַמִּי), or Edom (אֲרָם).

Location

Certainty: Widely agreed (100% of scholarship)
Coordinates: 30.746° N, 35.604° E

See it on the map of biblical places

Glossary entries

Edom, Edomites

Alternative names

Mentions

Includes 8 verses that refer to Edom without naming it.

Genesis 32:3אֱדוֹם · Edom
Jacob sent messengers ahead of him to his brother Esau in the land of Seir, the country of Edom.
Genesis 36:9אֱדוֹם · Edom
This is the account of Esau, the father of the Edomites, in the area of Mount Seir.
Genesis 36:16אֱדוֹם · Edom
Korah, Gatam, and Amalek. They are the chiefs of Eliphaz in the land of Edom, and they are the grandsons of Adah.
Genesis 36:17אֱדוֹם · Edom
These are the sons of Esau’s son Reuel: Chiefs Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah. They are the chiefs descended from Reuel in the land of Edom, and they are the grandsons of Esau’s wife Basemath.
Genesis 36:31אֱדוֹם · Edom
These are the kings who reigned in the land of Edom before any king reigned over the Israelites:
Genesis 36:32אֱדוֹם · Edom
Bela son of Beor reigned in Edom; the name of his city was Dinhabah.
Genesis 36:43אֱדוֹם · Edom
Magdiel, and Iram. These were the chiefs of Edom, according to their settlements in the land they possessed. Esau was the father of the Edomites.
Exodus 15:15אֱדוֹם · Edom
Then the chiefs of Edom will be dismayed; trembling will seize the leaders of Moab; those who dwell in Canaan will melt away,
Numbers 20:14אֱדוֹם · Edom
From Kadesh, Moses sent messengers to tell the king of Edom, “This is what your brother Israel says: You know all the hardship that has befallen us,
Numbers 20:18אֱדוֹם · Edom
But Edom answered, “You may not travel through our land, or we will come out and confront you with the sword.”
Numbers 20:19Referred to, not named
“We will stay on the main road,” the Israelites replied, “and if we or our herds drink your water, we will pay for it. There will be no problem; only let us pass through on foot.”
Numbers 20:20אֱדוֹם · Edom
But Edom insisted, “You may not pass through.” And they came out to confront the Israelites with a large army and a strong hand.
Numbers 20:21אֱדוֹם · Edom
So Edom refused to allow Israel to pass through their territory, and Israel turned away from them.
Numbers 20:23אֱדוֹם · Edom
And at Mount Hor, near the border of the land of Edom, the LORD said to Moses and Aaron,
Numbers 21:4אֱדוֹם · Edom
Then they set out from Mount Hor along the route to the Red Sea, in order to bypass the land of Edom. But the people grew impatient on the journey
Numbers 24:18אֱדוֹם · Edom
Edom will become a possession, as will Seir, his enemy; but Israel will perform with valor.
Numbers 33:37אֱדוֹם · Edom
They set out from Kadesh and camped at Mount Hor, on the outskirts of the land of Edom.
Numbers 34:3אֱדוֹם · Edom
Your southern border will extend from the Wilderness of Zin along the border of Edom. On the east, your southern border will run from the end of the Salt Sea,
Deuteronomy 23:7אֲדֹמִי · Edom
Do not despise an Edomite, for he is your brother. Do not despise an Egyptian, because you lived as a foreigner in his land.
Deuteronomy 23:8Referred to, not named
The third generation of children born to them may enter the assembly of the LORD.
Joshua 15:1אֱדוֹם · Edom
Now the allotment for the clans of the tribe of Judah extended to the border of Edom, to the Wilderness of Zin at the extreme southern boundary:
Joshua 15:21אֱדוֹם · Edom
These were the southernmost cities of the tribe of Judah in the Negev toward the border of Edom: Kabzeel, Eder, Jagur,
Judges 5:4אֱדוֹם · Edom
O LORD, when You went out from Seir, when You marched from the land of Edom, the earth trembled, the heavens poured out rain, and the clouds poured down water.
Judges 11:17אֱדוֹם · Edom
Then Israel sent messengers to the king of Edom, saying, ‘Please let us pass through your land,’ but the king of Edom would not listen. They also sent messengers to the king of Moab, but he would not consent. So Israel stayed in Kadesh.
Judges 11:18אֱדוֹם · Edom
Then Israel traveled through the wilderness and bypassed the lands of Edom and Moab. They came to the east side of the land of Moab and camped on the other side of the Arnon. But they did not enter the territory of Moab, since the Arnon was its border.
1 Samuel 14:47אֱדוֹם · Edom
After Saul had assumed the kingship over Israel, he fought against all his enemies on every side—the Moabites, the Ammonites, the Edomites, the kings of Zobah, and the Philistines. Wherever he turned, he routed them.
1 Samuel 21:7אֲדֹמִי · Edom
Now one of Saul’s servants was there that day, detained before the LORD. And his name was Doeg the Edomite, the chief shepherd for Saul.
1 Samuel 22:9אֲדֹמִי · Edom
But Doeg the Edomite, who had stationed himself with Saul’s servants, answered: “I saw the son of Jesse come to Ahimelech son of Ahitub at Nob.
1 Samuel 22:18אֲדֹמִי · Edom
So the king ordered Doeg, “You turn and strike down the priests!” And Doeg the Edomite turned and struck down the priests himself. On that day he killed eighty-five men who wore the linen ephod.
1 Samuel 22:22אֲדֹמִי · Edom
Then David said to Abiathar, “I knew that Doeg the Edomite was there that day, and that he was sure to tell Saul. I myself am responsible for the lives of everyone in your father’s house.
2 Samuel 8:12אֲרָם · Syria
…from Edom and Moab, from the Ammonites and Philistines and Amalekites, and from the spoil of Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
2 Samuel 8:13אֲרָם · Syria
And David made a name for himself when he returned from striking down eighteen thousand Edomites in the Valley of Salt.
2 Samuel 8:14אֱדוֹם · Edom
He placed garrisons throughout Edom, and all the Edomites were subject to David. So the LORD made David victorious wherever he went.
1 Kings 9:26אֱדוֹם · Edom
King Solomon also assembled a fleet of ships at Ezion-geber, which is near Eloth in Edom, on the shore of the Red Sea.
1 Kings 11:1אֲדֹמִי · Edom
King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women along with the daughter of Pharaoh—women of Moab, Ammon, Edom, and Sidon, as well as Hittite women.
1 Kings 11:14אֱדוֹם · Edom; אֲדֹמִי · Edom
Then the LORD raised up against Solomon an adversary, Hadad the Edomite, from the royal line of Edom.
1 Kings 11:15אֱדוֹם · Edom
Earlier, when David was in Edom, Joab the commander of the army had gone to bury the dead and had struck down every male in Edom.
1 Kings 11:16אֱדוֹם · Edom
Joab and all Israel had stayed there six months, until he had killed every male in Edom.
1 Kings 11:17אֲדֹמִי · Edom
But Hadad, still just a young boy, had fled to Egypt, along with some Edomites who were servants of his father.
1 Kings 22:47אֱדוֹם · Edom
And there was no king in Edom; a deputy served as king.
2 Kings 3:8אֱדוֹם · Edom
Then he asked, “Which way shall we go up?” “By way of the Desert of Edom,” replied Joram.
2 Kings 3:9אֱדוֹם · Edom
So the king of Israel, the king of Judah, and the king of Edom set out, and after they had traveled a roundabout route for seven days, they had no water for their army or for their animals.
2 Kings 3:12אֱדוֹם · Edom
Jehoshaphat affirmed, “The word of the LORD is with him.” So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat and the king of Edom went down to him.
2 Kings 3:20אֱדוֹם · Edom
The next morning, at the time of the morning sacrifice, water suddenly flowed from the direction of Edom and filled the land.
2 Kings 3:26אֱדוֹם · Edom
When the king of Moab saw that the battle was too fierce for him, he took with him seven hundred swordsmen to break through to the king of Edom, but they could not prevail.
2 Kings 8:20אֱדוֹם · Edom
In the days of Jehoram, Edom rebelled against the hand of Judah and appointed their own king.
2 Kings 8:21אֱדוֹם · Edom
So Jehoram crossed over to Zair with all his chariots. When the Edomites surrounded him and his chariot commanders, he rose up and attacked by night. His troops, however, fled to their homes.
2 Kings 8:22אֱדוֹם · Edom
So to this day Edom has been in rebellion against the hand of Judah. Likewise, Libnah rebelled at the same time.
2 Kings 14:7אֱדוֹם · Edom
Amaziah struck down 10,000 Edomites in the Valley of Salt. He took Sela in battle and called it Joktheel, which is its name to this very day.
2 Kings 14:10אֱדוֹם · Edom
You have indeed defeated Edom, and your heart has become proud. Glory in that and stay at home. Why should you stir up trouble so that you fall—you and Judah with you?”
2 Kings 16:6אֲדֹמִי · Edom
At that time Rezin king of Aram recovered Elath for Aram, drove out the men of Judah, and sent the Edomites into Elath, where they live to this day.
1 Chronicles 1:43אֱדוֹם · Edom
These are the kings who reigned in the land of Edom before any king reigned over the Israelites: Bela son of Beor. His city was named Dinhabah.
1 Chronicles 18:11אֱדוֹם · Edom
…and King David dedicated these to the LORD, along with the silver and gold he had carried off from all these nations—from Edom and Moab, and from the Ammonites, Philistines, and Amalekites.
1 Chronicles 18:12אֱדוֹם · Edom
Moreover, Abishai son of Zeruiah struck down eighteen thousand Edomites in the Valley of Salt.
1 Chronicles 18:13אֱדוֹם · Edom
He placed garrisons in Edom, and all the Edomites were subject to David. So the LORD made David victorious wherever he went.
2 Chronicles 8:17אֱדוֹם · Edom
Then Solomon went to Ezion-geber and to Eloth on the coast of Edom.
2 Chronicles 20:2אֲרָם · Syria
Then some men came and told Jehoshaphat, “A vast army is coming against you from Edom, from beyond the Sea; they are already in Hazazon-tamar” (that is, En-gedi).
2 Chronicles 21:8אֱדוֹם · Edom
In the days of Jehoram, Edom rebelled against the hand of Judah and appointed their own king.
2 Chronicles 21:9אֱדוֹם · Edom
So Jehoram crossed into Edom with his officers and all his chariots. When the Edomites surrounded him and his chariot commanders, he rose up and attacked by night.
2 Chronicles 21:10אֱדוֹם · Edom
So to this day Edom has been in rebellion against the hand of Judah. Likewise, Libnah rebelled against his hand at the same time, because Jehoram had forsaken the LORD, the God of his fathers.
2 Chronicles 25:14אֲדֹמִי · Edom
When Amaziah returned from the slaughter of the Edomites, he brought back the gods of the Seirites, set them up as his own gods, bowed before them, and burned sacrifices to them.
2 Chronicles 25:19אֱדוֹם · Edom
You have said, ‘Look, I have defeated Edom,’ and your heart has become proud and boastful. Now stay at home. Why should you stir up trouble so that you fall—you and Judah with you?”
2 Chronicles 25:20אֱדוֹם · Edom
But Amaziah would not listen, for this had come from God in order to deliver them into the hand of Jehoash, because they had sought the gods of Edom.
2 Chronicles 28:17אֲדֹמִי · Edom
The Edomites had again come and attacked Judah and carried away captives.
Psalm 52:1אֲדֹמִי · Edom
For the choirmaster. A Maskil of David. After Doeg the Edomite went to Saul and told him, “David has gone to the house of Ahimelech.” Why do you boast of evil, O mighty man? The loving devotion of God endures all day long.
Psalm 60:1אֱדוֹם · Edom
For the choirmaster. To the tune of “The Lily of the Covenant.” A Miktam of David for instruction. When he fought Aram-naharaim and Aram-zobah, and Joab returned and struck down 12,000 Edomites in the Valley of Salt. You have rejected us, O God; You have broken us; You have been angry; restore us!
Psalm 60:8אֱדוֹם · Edom
Moab is My washbasin; upon Edom I toss My sandal; over Philistia I shout in triumph.”
Psalm 60:9אֱדוֹם · Edom
Who will bring me to the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom?
Psalm 83:6אֱדוֹם · Edom
…the tents of Edom and the Ishmaelites, of Moab and the Hagrites,
Psalm 108:9אֱדוֹם · Edom
Moab is My washbasin; upon Edom I toss My sandal; over Philistia I shout in triumph.”
Psalm 108:10אֱדוֹם · Edom
Who will bring me to the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom?
Psalm 137:7אֱדוֹם · Edom
Remember, O LORD, the sons of Edom on the day Jerusalem fell: “Destroy it,” they said, “tear it down to its foundations!”
Isaiah 11:14אֱדוֹם · Edom
They will swoop down on the slopes of the Philistines to the west; together they will plunder the sons of the east. They will lay their hands on Edom and Moab, and the Ammonites will be subject to them.
Isaiah 34:5אֱדוֹם · Edom
When My sword has drunk its fill in the heavens, then it will come down upon Edom, upon the people I have devoted to destruction.
Isaiah 34:6אֱדוֹם · Edom
The sword of the LORD is bathed in blood. It drips with fat—with the blood of lambs and goats, with the fat of the kidneys of rams. For the LORD has a sacrifice in Bozrah, a great slaughter in the land of Edom.
Isaiah 34:7Referred to, not named
And the wild oxen will fall with them, the young bulls with the strong ones. Their land will be drenched with blood, and their soil will be soaked with fat.
Isaiah 34:9Referred to, not named
Edom’s streams will be turned to tar, and her soil to sulfur; her land will become a blazing pitch.
Isaiah 63:1אֱדוֹם · Edom
Who is this coming from Edom, from Bozrah with crimson-stained garments? Who is this robed in splendor, marching in the greatness of His strength? “It is I, proclaiming vindication, mighty to save.”
Jeremiah 9:26אֱדוֹם · Edom
Egypt, Judah, Edom, Ammon, Moab, and all the inhabitants of the desert who clip the hair of their temples. For all these nations are uncircumcised, and the whole house of Israel is uncircumcised in heart.”
Jeremiah 25:21אֱדוֹם · Edom
Edom, Moab, and the Ammonites;
Jeremiah 27:3אֱדוֹם · Edom
Send word to the kings of Edom, Moab, Ammon, Tyre, and Sidon through the envoys who have come to Jerusalem to Zedekiah king of Judah.
Jeremiah 27:6Referred to, not named
So now I have placed all these lands under the authority of My servant Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon. I have even made the beasts of the field subject to him.
Jeremiah 40:11אֱדוֹם · Edom
When all the Jews in Moab, Ammon, Edom, and all the other lands heard that the king of Babylon had left a remnant in Judah and had appointed Gedaliah son of Ahikam, the son of Shaphan, over them,
Jeremiah 49:7אֱדוֹם · Edom
Concerning Edom, this is what the LORD of Hosts says: “Is there no longer wisdom in Teman? Has counsel perished from the prudent? Has their wisdom decayed?
Jeremiah 49:17אֱדוֹם · Edom
“Edom will become an object of horror. All who pass by will be appalled and will scoff at all her wounds.
Jeremiah 49:18Referred to, not named
As Sodom and Gomorrah were overthrown along with their neighbors,” says the LORD, “no one will dwell there; no man will abide there.
Jeremiah 49:19Referred to, not named
Behold, one will come up like a lion from the thickets of the Jordan to the watered pasture. For in an instant I will chase Edom from her land. Who is the chosen one I will appoint for this? For who is like Me, and who can challenge Me? What shepherd can stand against Me?”
Jeremiah 49:20אֱדוֹם · Edom
Therefore hear the plans that the LORD has drawn up against Edom and the strategies He has devised against the people of Teman: Surely the little ones of the flock will be dragged away; certainly their pasture will be made desolate because of them.
Jeremiah 49:22אֱדוֹם · Edom
Look! An eagle will soar and swoop down, spreading its wings over Bozrah. In that day the hearts of Edom’s mighty men will be like the heart of a woman in labor.
Lamentations 4:21אֱדוֹם · Edom
So rejoice and be glad, O Daughter of Edom, you who dwell in the land of Uz. Yet the cup will pass to you as well; you will get drunk and expose yourself.
Lamentations 4:22אֱדוֹם · Edom
O Daughter of Zion, your punishment is complete; He will not prolong your exile. But He will punish your iniquity, O Daughter of Edom; He will expose your sins.
Ezekiel 25:12אֱדוֹם · Edom
This is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Because Edom acted vengefully against the house of Judah, and in so doing incurred grievous guilt,
Ezekiel 25:13אֱדוֹם · Edom
…therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: I will stretch out My hand against Edom and cut off from it both man and beast. I will make it a wasteland, and from Teman to Dedan they will fall by the sword.
Ezekiel 25:14אֱדוֹם · Edom
I will take My vengeance on Edom by the hand of My people Israel, and they will deal with Edom according to My anger and wrath. Then they will know My vengeance, declares the Lord GOD.’
Ezekiel 32:29אֱדוֹם · Edom
Edom is there, and all her kings and princes, who despite their might are laid among those slain by the sword. They lie down with the uncircumcised, with those who descend to the Pit.
Ezekiel 35:15אֱדוֹם · Edom
As you rejoiced when the inheritance of the house of Israel became desolate, so will I do to you. You will become a desolation, O Mount Seir, and so will all of Edom. Then they will know that I am the LORD.
Ezekiel 36:5אֱדוֹם · Edom
Therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: Surely in My burning zeal I have spoken against the rest of the nations, and against all Edom, who took My land as their own possession with wholehearted joy and utter contempt, so that its pastureland became plunder.
Daniel 11:41אֱדוֹם · Edom
He will also invade the Beautiful Land, and many countries will fall. But these will be delivered from his hand: Edom, Moab, and the leaders of the Ammonites.
Joel 3:19אֱדוֹם · Edom
Egypt will become desolate, and Edom a desert wasteland, because of the violence done to the people of Judah, in whose land they shed innocent blood.
Amos 1:6אֱדוֹם · Edom
This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Gaza, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they exiled a whole population, delivering them up to Edom.
Amos 1:9אֱדוֹם · Edom
This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Tyre, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they delivered up a whole congregation of exiles to Edom and broke a covenant of brotherhood.
Amos 1:11אֱדוֹם · Edom
This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Edom, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because he pursued his brother with the sword and stifled all compassion; his anger raged continually, and his fury flamed incessantly.
Amos 2:1אֱדוֹם · Edom
This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Moab, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because he burned to lime the bones of Edom’s king.
Amos 9:12אֱדוֹם · Edom
…that they may possess the remnant of Edom and all the nations that bear My name,” declares the LORD, who will do this.
Obadiah 1:1אֱדוֹם · Edom
This is the vision of Obadiah: This is what the Lord GOD says about Edom—We have heard a message from the LORD; an envoy has been sent among the nations to say, “Rise up, and let us go to battle against her!”—
Obadiah 1:2Referred to, not named
“Behold, I will make you small among the nations; you will be deeply despised.
Obadiah 1:8אֱדוֹם · Edom
In that day, declares the LORD, will I not destroy the wise men of Edom and the men of understanding in the mountains of Esau?
Malachi 1:4אֱדוֹם · Edom
Though Edom may say, “We have been devastated, but we will rebuild the ruins,” this is what the LORD of Hosts says: “They may build, but I will demolish. They will be called the Land of Wickedness, and a people with whom the LORD is indignant forever.