Exodus 10:20

Translations

Modern

But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not let the Israelites go.

Traditional

But the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go.

Literal

And YHWH strengthened the heart of Pharaoh, and he did not send out the sons of Israel.

Latin

Et induravit Dominus cor Pharaonis, nec dimisit filios Israël.

Original

Hebrew

English

But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not let the Israelites go.

Notes

Exodus 10:1–20

The eighth plague was the plague of locusts (10:4). Enough time had passed since the previous plague for the wheat and spelt to sprout (see 9:32).

The Egyptian god Osiris was highly honored by the people in Egypt. Egyptians believed he went down into the underworld and brought plant life back in the spring. For them, he was connected with renewal and life after death.

This second and climactic attack on plant life showed that even Osiris had no power before the Lord. God alone controls life and death.

New plants that grow in the spring do not give eternal life. True life comes from the Lord, not from nature or from any false god.

Theme notes and profiles

Egypt Moses Pharaoh Hardened Hearts The Plagues

Events

Exodus from Egypt

Related verses

Exodus 4:21
The LORD instructed Moses, “When you go back to Egypt, see that you perform before Pharaoh all the wonders that I have put within your power. But I will harden his heart so that he will not let the people go.
Exodus 11:10
Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, but the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart so that he would not let the Israelites go out of his land.
Deuteronomy 2:30
But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass through, for the LORD your God had made his spirit stubborn and his heart obstinate, that He might deliver him into your hand, as is the case this day.
Exodus 7:13–14
Still, Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said.
2 Thessalonians 2:11–12
For this reason God will send them a powerful delusion so that they believe the lie,
Romans 9:18
Therefore God has mercy on whom He wants to have mercy, and He hardens whom He wants to harden.
Isaiah 6:9–10
And He replied: “Go and tell this people, ‘Be ever hearing, but never understanding; be ever seeing, but never perceiving.’
Exodus 9:12
But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said to Moses.
John 12:39–40
For this reason they were unable to believe. For again, Isaiah says:

People

Israel: Patriarch, son of Isaac, father of twelve tribes Pharaoh: Egyptian Pharaoh during the Exodus

Glossary

Aaron Book of Exodus Deuteronomy, Book of History of Israel Judgment Numbers and Numerology Plague Plagues upon Egypt

Topics

Animals: Instruments of God's Will Disobedience to God of Pharaoh, in Refusing to Let the People of Israel Go Hypocrisy: Pharaoh Instability: General Scriptures Concerning Intercession: Answered for the plague of locusts Plague: Locusts

Exodus 10:20

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