Hosea 12:1

Translations

Modern

Ephraim feeds on the wind and pursues the east wind all day long; he multiplies lies and violence; he makes a covenant with Assyria and sends olive oil to Egypt.

Traditional

Ephraim feedeth on wind, and followeth after the east wind: he daily increaseth lies and desolation; and they do make a covenant with the Assyrians, and oil is carried into Egypt.

Literal

Ephraim is grazing on the wind and pursuing the east wind all the day, he multiplies lies and violence; they cut a covenant with Assyria and oil is carried to Egypt.

Latin

Ephraim pascit ventum, et sequitur æstum; tota die mendacium et vastitatem multiplicat: et fœdus cum Assyriis iniit, et oleum in Ægyptum ferebat.

Original

Hebrew

English

Ephraim feeds on the wind and pursues the east wind all day long; he multiplies lies and violence; he makes a covenant with Assyria and sends olive oil to Egypt.

Notes

Hosea 12:1

a covenant with Assyria: To save his land, Hoshea became a vassal of King Shalmaneser of Assyria (2 Kings 17:3). Hoshea soon rebelled against Shalmaneser by withholding tribute and sought support from King So of Egypt (2 Kings 17:4).
east wind: See study note on Job 38:24–27.

Hosea 11:12–12:14

Israel has engaged in deception and dishonesty since Jacob's time.

Events

Prophecies of Hosea

Related verses

Hosea 11:12
Ephraim surrounds Me with lies, the house of Israel with deceit; but Judah still walks with God and is faithful to the Holy One.
Ezekiel 17:10
Even if it is transplanted, will it flourish? Will it not completely wither when the east wind strikes? It will wither on the bed where it sprouted.’”
Hosea 8:7
For they sow the wind, and they shall reap the whirlwind. There is no standing grain; what sprouts fails to yield flour. Even if it should produce, the foreigners would swallow it up.
Hosea 5:13
When Ephraim saw his sickness and Judah his wound, then Ephraim turned to Assyria and sent to the great king. But he cannot cure you or heal your wound.
Jeremiah 22:22
The wind will drive away all your shepherds, and your lovers will go into captivity. Then you will be ashamed and humiliated because of all your wickedness.
Job 15:2
“Does a wise man answer with empty counsel or fill his belly with the hot east wind?
2 Kings 17:4–6
But the king of Assyria discovered that Hoshea had conspired to send envoys to King So of Egypt, and that he had not paid tribute to the king of Assyria as in previous years. Therefore the king of Assyria arrested Hoshea and put him in prison.
2 Kings 15:19
Then Pul king of Assyria invaded the land, and Menahem gave Pul a thousand talents of silver in order to gain his support and strengthen his own grip on the kingdom.
Isaiah 30:6–7
This is the burden against the beasts of the Negev: Through a land of hardship and distress, of lioness and lion, of viper and flying serpent, they carry their wealth on the backs of donkeys and their treasures on the humps of camels, to a people of no profit to them.

People

Ephraim: Second son of Joseph, and a tribe of Israel LORD: Names or title used to refer to God

Places

Assyria: A powerful ancient empire, often in conflict with Israel Egypt: Ancient nation; Israelites enslaved there; plagues and Exodus

Glossary

Futility Hosea, Book of

Topics

Alliances: Political with Idolaters Forbidden Confidence: False Covenants: The Jews: Condemned for Making, with Idolatrous Nations Oil: Exported Oil: Tribute Paid In The Wind: (Feeding Upon) of Vain Hopes

Hosea 12:1

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