Leviticus 11

Modern

Literal

Clean and Unclean Animals

¹The LORD spoke again to Moses and Aaron, telling them,

¹And YHWH spoke to Moses and to Aaron, saying to them,

²“Say to the Israelites, ‘Of all the beasts of the earth, these ones you may eat:

²“Speak to the sons of Israel, saying, ‘This is the living thing that you may eat from among all the beasts that are on the earth:

³You may eat any animal that has a split hoof completely divided and that chews the cud.

³Every one dividing the hoof, and cleaving the cleft of the hooves, and bringing up the cud among the beasts, it you may eat.

⁴But of those that only chew the cud or only have a divided hoof, you are not to eat the following:^a

The camel, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you.

⁴Nevertheless this you shall not eat from among the ones bringing up the cud, and from among the ones dividing the hoof: The camel, though it is bringing up the cud, but the hoof it is not dividing—it is unclean to you.

⁵The rock badger,^a though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you.

⁵And the rock badger, though it is bringing up the cud, but the hoof it is not dividing—it is unclean to you.

⁶The rabbit, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you.

⁶And the hare, though it is bringing up the cud, but the hoof it has not divided—it is unclean to you.

⁷And the pig, though it has a split hoof completely divided, does not chew the cud; it is unclean for you.

⁷And the swine, though it is dividing the hoof and cleaving the cleft of the hoof, but the cud it does not chew—it is unclean to you.

⁸You must not eat their meat or touch their carcasses; they are unclean for you.

⁸From their flesh you shall not eat, and their carcass you shall not touch—they are unclean to you.

⁹Of all the creatures that live in the water, whether in the seas or in the streams, you may eat anything with fins and scales.

⁹This you shall eat from all that are in the waters: Everything that has fin and scale in the waters, in the seas, and in the rivers, them you shall eat.

¹⁰But the following among all the teeming life and creatures in the water are detestable to you: everything in the seas or streams that does not have fins and scales.

¹⁰And everything that does not have fin and scale in the seas and in the rivers, from every swarming thing of the waters, and from every living creature that is in the waters—they are an abomination to you.

¹¹They shall be an abomination to you; you must not eat their meat, and you must detest their carcasses.

¹¹And an abomination they shall be to you; from their flesh you shall not eat, and their carcasses you shall detest.

¹²Everything in the water that does not have fins and scales shall be detestable to you.

¹²All that does not have fin and scale in the waters—it is an abomination to you.

¹³Additionally, you are to detest the following birds, and they must not be eaten because they are detestable:

the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

¹³And these you shall detest from the birds; they shall not be eaten; they are an abomination: The eagle, and the bearded vulture, and the black vulture,

¹⁴the kite, any kind of falcon,

¹⁴and the kite, and the falcon according to its kind,

¹⁵any kind of raven,

¹⁵every raven according to its kind,

¹⁶the ostrich,^a the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk,

¹⁶and the daughter of the ostrich, and the screech owl, and the gull, and the hawk according to its kind,

¹⁷the little owl, the cormorant, the great owl,

¹⁷and the little owl, and the cormorant, and the great owl,

¹⁸the white owl, the desert owl, the osprey,

¹⁸and the white owl, and the desert owl, and the osprey,

¹⁹the stork, any kind of heron,

the hoopoe, and the bat.

¹⁹and the stork, the heron according to its kind, and the hoopoe, and the bat.

²⁰All flying insects that walk on all fours are detestable to you.

²⁰Every swarming thing that flies, the one walking on four legs, it is an abomination to you.

²¹However, you may eat the following kinds of flying insects that walk on all fours: those having jointed legs above their feet for hopping on the ground.

²¹Only this you may eat from every swarming thing that flies, the one walking on four legs: That which has jointed legs above its feet to leap with them on the earth.

²²Of these you may eat any kind of locust, katydid, cricket, or grasshopper.

²²These from them you may eat: The locust according to its kind, and the katydid according to its kind, and the cricket according to its kind, and the grasshopper according to its kind.

²³All other flying insects that have four legs are detestable to you.

²³And every swarming thing that flies that has four feet, it is an abomination to you.

²⁴These creatures will make you unclean. Whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean until evening,

²⁴And by these you shall become unclean; anyone who touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening.

²⁵and whoever picks up one of their carcasses must wash his clothes, and he will be unclean until evening.

²⁵And everyone who lifts from their carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening.

²⁶Every animal with hooves not completely divided^a or that does not chew the cud is unclean for you. Whoever touches any of them will be unclean.

²⁶To every beast that is dividing the hoof, and is not cleaving a cleft, and is not bringing up the cud, it is unclean to you. Anyone who touches them shall be unclean.

²⁷All the four-footed animals that walk on their paws are unclean for you; whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean until evening,

²⁷And everything walking on its palms among all the living that go on four legs, they are unclean to you. Everyone who touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening.

²⁸and anyone who picks up a carcass must wash his clothes, and he will be unclean until evening. They are unclean for you.

²⁸And the one lifting their carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening—they are unclean to you.

²⁹The following creatures that move along the ground are unclean for you: the mole, the mouse, any kind of great lizard,

²⁹And this is unclean to you among the swarming things that swarm upon the earth: The mole, and the mouse, and the large lizard according to its kind,

³⁰the gecko, the monitor lizard, the common lizard, the skink, and the chameleon.

³⁰and the gecko, and the monitor lizard, and the lizard, and the skink, and the chameleon.

³¹These animals are unclean for you among all the crawling creatures. Whoever touches them when they are dead shall be unclean until evening.

³¹These are unclean to you among every swarming thing; anyone who touches them in their death shall be unclean until the evening.

³²When one of them dies and falls on something, that article becomes unclean; any article of wood, clothing, leather, sackcloth, or any implement used for work must be rinsed with water and will remain unclean until evening; then it will be clean.

³²And on all that, from their death, it falls, shall be unclean. From every vessel of wood, or garment, or skin, or sackcloth. Every vessel in which work is done, it must be put in the water, and it shall be unclean until the evening; and it shall be clean.

³³If any of them falls into a clay pot, everything in it will be unclean; you must break the pot.

³³And every earthen vessel that falls from them into its midst, all that is in its midst shall be unclean, and you shall break it.

³⁴Any food coming into contact with water from that pot will be unclean, and any drink in such a container will be unclean.

³⁴From all the food that may be eaten, on which water comes, it shall be unclean, and all drink that may be drunk from such a vessel shall be unclean.

³⁵Anything upon which one of their carcasses falls will be unclean. If it is an oven or cooking pot, it must be smashed; it is unclean and will remain unclean for you.

³⁵And everything on which their carcass falls, it shall be unclean: An oven or a hearth, it shall be broken down. They are unclean, and they shall be unclean to you.

³⁶Nevertheless, a spring or cistern containing water will remain clean, but one who touches a carcass in it will be unclean.

³⁶Only a spring and a cistern, a collection of water, shall be clean, and the one touching their carcass shall be unclean.

³⁷If a carcass falls on any seed for sowing, the seed is clean;

³⁷And if their carcass falls on any planting seed that is to be sown, it is clean.

³⁸but if water has been put on the seed and a carcass falls on it, it is unclean for you.

³⁸And if water is put on the seed, and their carcass falls on it, it is unclean to you.

³⁹If an animal that you may eat dies, anyone who touches the carcass will be unclean until evening.

³⁹And if from the beast that is for food for you dies, the one touching its carcass shall be unclean until the evening.

⁴⁰Whoever eats from the carcass must wash his clothes and will be unclean until evening, and anyone who picks up the carcass must wash his clothes and will be unclean until evening.

⁴⁰And the one eating from its carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening; and the one lifting its carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening.

⁴¹Every creature that moves along the ground is detestable; it must not be eaten.

⁴¹And every swarming thing that swarms upon the earth it is an abomination; it shall not be eaten.

⁴²Do not eat any creature that moves along the ground, whether it crawls on its belly or walks on four or more feet; for such creatures are detestable.

⁴²Everything crawling on its belly and everything walking on four legs, as far as everything multiplying feet among all the swarming things that swarm upon the earth, you shall not eat them, for they are an abomination.

⁴³Do not defile yourselves by any crawling creature; do not become unclean or defiled by them.

⁴³You shall not make your souls detestable with any swarming thing that swarms, and you shall not make yourselves unclean with them, and you shall not become unclean by them.

⁴⁴For I am the LORD your God; consecrate yourselves, therefore, and be holy, because I am holy.^a You must not defile yourselves by any creature that crawls along the ground.

⁴⁴For I am YHWH your God. And you shall sanctify yourselves, and you shall be holy, for I am holy. And you shall not make unclean your souls with any swarming thing that crawls upon the earth.

⁴⁵For I am the LORD, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt so that I would be your God; therefore be holy, because I am holy.

⁴⁵For I am YHWH, the One bringing you up from the land of Egypt, to be your God; and you shall be holy, for I am holy.

⁴⁶This is the law regarding animals, birds, all living creatures that move in the water, and all creatures that crawl along the ground.

⁴⁶This is the law of the beast and the bird and every living creature that moves in the waters, and of every creature that swarms upon the earth,

⁴⁷You must distinguish between the unclean and the clean, between animals that may be eaten and those that may not.’”

⁴⁷to distinguish between the unclean and between the clean, and between the living thing that may be eaten and between the living thing that may not be eaten.’”