Mark 12

Learning to read Greek? Start with the alphabet.

Original

Modern

The Parable of the Wicked Tenants

¹Καὶ ἤρξατο αὐτοῖς ἐν παραβολαῖς λαλεῖν Ἀμπελῶνα ἄνθρωπος ἐφύτευσεν καὶ περιέθηκεν φραγμὸν καὶ ὤρυξεν ὑπολήνιον καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν πύργον καὶ ἐξέδετο αὐτὸν γεωργοῖς καὶ ἀπεδήμησεν

¹Then Jesus began to speak to them in parables: “A man planted a vineyard. He put a wall around it, dug a wine vat, and built a watchtower. Then he rented it out to some tenants and went away on a journey.

²Καὶ ἀπέστειλεν πρὸς τοὺς γεωργοὺς τῷ καιρῷ δοῦλον ἵνα παρὰ τῶν γεωργῶν λάβῃ ἀπὸ τῶν καρπῶν τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος

²At harvest time, he sent a servant to the tenants to collect his share of the fruit of the vineyard.

³καὶ λαβόντες αὐτὸν ἔδειραν καὶ ἀπέστειλαν κενόν

³But they seized the servant, beat him, and sent him away empty-handed.

⁴Καὶ πάλιν ἀπέστειλεν πρὸς αὐτοὺς ἄλλον δοῦλον κἀκεῖνον ἐκεφαλίωσαν καὶ ἠτίμασαν

⁴Then he sent them another servant, and they struck him over the head and treated him shamefully.

⁵καὶ ἄλλον ἀπέστειλεν κἀκεῖνον ἀπέκτειναν καὶ πολλοὺς ἄλλους οὓς μὲν δέροντες οὓς δὲ ἀποκτέννοντες

⁵He sent still another, and this one they killed.

He sent many others; some they beat and others they killed.

⁶Ἔτι ἕνα εἶχεν υἱὸν ἀγαπητόν ἀπέστειλεν αὐτὸν ἔσχατον πρὸς αὐτοὺς λέγων ὅτι Ἐντραπήσονται τὸν υἱόν μου

⁶Finally, having one beloved son, he sent him to them. ‘They will respect my son,’ he said.

⁷Ἐκεῖνοι δὲ οἱ γεωργοὶ πρὸς ἑαυτοὺς εἶπαν ὅτι Οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ κληρονόμος δεῦτε ἀποκτείνωμεν αὐτόν καὶ ἡμῶν ἔσται ἡ κληρονομία

⁷But the tenants said to one another, ‘This is the heir. Come, let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.’

⁸καὶ λαβόντες ἀπέκτειναν αὐτόν καὶ ἐξέβαλον αὐτὸν ἔξω τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος

⁸So they seized the son, killed him, and threw him out of the vineyard.

⁹Τί οὖν ποιήσει ὁ κύριος τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος ἐλεύσεται καὶ ἀπολέσει τοὺς γεωργούς καὶ δώσει τὸν ἀμπελῶνα ἄλλοις

⁹What then will the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and kill those tenants and give the vineyard to others.

¹⁰οὐδὲ τὴν γραφὴν ταύτην ἀνέγνωτε Λίθον ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες Οὗτος ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας

¹⁰Have you never read this Scripture:

‘The stone the builders rejected

has become the cornerstone.

¹¹Παρὰ Κυρίου ἐγένετο αὕτη Καὶ ἔστιν θαυμαστὴ ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν

¹¹This is from the Lord,

and it is marvelous in our eyes’?”^a

¹²Καὶ ἐζήτουν αὐτὸν κρατῆσαι καὶ ἐφοβήθησαν τὸν ὄχλον ἔγνωσαν γὰρ ὅτι πρὸς αὐτοὺς τὴν παραβολὴν εἶπεν καὶ ἀφέντες αὐτὸν ἀπῆλθον

¹²At this, the leaders sought^a to arrest Jesus, for they knew that He had spoken this parable against them. But fearing the crowd, they left Him and went away.

Paying Taxes to Caesar

¹³Καὶ ἀποστέλλουσιν πρὸς αὐτόν τινας τῶν Φαρισαίων καὶ τῶν Ἡρῳδιανῶν ἵνα αὐτὸν ἀγρεύσωσιν λόγῳ

¹³Later, they sent some of the Pharisees and Herodians to catch Jesus in His words.

¹⁴καὶ ἐλθόντες λέγουσιν αὐτῷ Διδάσκαλε οἴδαμεν ὅτι ἀληθὴς εἶ καὶ οὐ μέλει σοι περὶ οὐδενός οὐ γὰρ βλέπεις εἰς πρόσωπον ἀνθρώπων ἀλλ’ ἐπ’ ἀληθείας τὴν ὁδὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ διδάσκεις ἔξεστιν δοῦναι κῆνσον Καίσαρι ἢ οὔ δῶμεν ἢ μὴ δῶμεν

¹⁴“Teacher,” they said, “we know that You are honest and seek favor from no one. Indeed, You are impartial and teach the way of God in accordance with the truth. Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar or not? Should we pay them or not?”

¹⁵Ὁ δὲ εἰδὼς αὐτῶν τὴν ὑπόκρισιν εἶπεν αὐτοῖς Τί με πειράζετε φέρετέ μοι δηνάριον ἵνα ἴδω

¹⁵But Jesus saw through their hypocrisy and said, “Why are you testing Me? Bring Me a denarius^a to inspect.”

¹⁶οἱ δὲ ἤνεγκαν καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς Τίνος ἡ εἰκὼν αὕτη καὶ ἡ ἐπιγραφή Οἱ δὲ εἶπαν αὐτῷ Καίσαρος

¹⁶So they brought it, and He asked them, “Whose image is this? And whose inscription?”

“Caesar’s,” they answered.

¹⁷Ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς Τὰ Καίσαρος ἀπόδοτε Καίσαρι καὶ τὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τῷ Θεῷ Καὶ ἐξεθαύμαζον ἐπ’ αὐτῷ

¹⁷Then Jesus told them, “Give to Caesar what is Caesar’s, and to God what is God’s.”

And they marveled at Him.

The Sadducees and the Resurrection

¹⁸Καὶ ἔρχονται Σαδδουκαῖοι πρὸς αὐτόν οἵτινες λέγουσιν ἀνάστασιν μὴ εἶναι καὶ ἐπηρώτων αὐτὸν λέγοντες

¹⁸Then the Sadducees, who say there is no resurrection, came to Jesus and questioned Him:

¹⁹Διδάσκαλε Μωϋσῆς ἔγραψεν ἡμῖν ὅτι ἐάν τινος ἀδελφὸς ἀποθάνῃ καὶ καταλίπῃ γυναῖκα καὶ μὴ ἀφῇ τέκνον ἵνα λάβῃ ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ τὴν γυναῖκα καὶ ἐξαναστήσῃ σπέρμα τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ

¹⁹“Teacher, Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, the man is to marry his brother’s widow and raise up offspring for him.^a

²⁰ἑπτὰ ἀδελφοὶ ἦσαν καὶ ὁ πρῶτος ἔλαβεν γυναῖκα καὶ ἀποθνῄσκων οὐκ ἀφῆκεν σπέρμα

²⁰Now there were seven brothers. The first one married and died, leaving no children.

²¹καὶ ὁ δεύτερος ἔλαβεν αὐτήν καὶ ἀπέθανεν μὴ καταλιπὼν σπέρμα καὶ ὁ τρίτος ὡσαύτως

²¹Then the second one married the widow, but he also died and left no children. And the third did likewise.

²²καὶ οἱ ἑπτὰ οὐκ ἀφῆκαν σπέρμα ἔσχατον πάντων καὶ ἡ γυνὴ ἀπέθανεν

²²In this way, none of the seven left any children. And last of all, the woman died.

²³ἐν τῇ ἀναστάσει ὅταν ἀναστῶσιν τίνος αὐτῶν ἔσται γυνή οἱ γὰρ ἑπτὰ ἔσχον αὐτὴν γυναῖκα

²³In the resurrection, then,^a whose wife will she be? For all seven were married to her.”

²⁴Ἔφη αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς Οὐ διὰ τοῦτο πλανᾶσθε μὴ εἰδότες τὰς γραφὰς μηδὲ τὴν δύναμιν τοῦ Θεοῦ

²⁴Jesus said to them, “Aren’t you mistaken, because you do not know the Scriptures or the power of God?

²⁵ὅταν γὰρ ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῶσιν οὔτε γαμοῦσιν οὔτε γαμίζονται ἀλλ’ εἰσὶν ὡς ἄγγελοι ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς

²⁵When the dead rise, they will neither marry nor be given in marriage. Instead, they will be like the angels in heaven.

²⁶Περὶ δὲ τῶν νεκρῶν ὅτι ἐγείρονται οὐκ ἀνέγνωτε ἐν τῇ βίβλῳ Μωϋσέως ἐπὶ τοῦ Βάτου πῶς εἶπεν αὐτῷ ὁ Θεὸς λέγων Ἐγὼ ὁ Θεὸς Ἀβραὰμ καὶ ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσαὰκ καὶ ὁ Θεὸς Ἰακώβ

²⁶But concerning the dead rising, have you not read about the burning bush in the Book of Moses, how God told him, ‘I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’?^a

²⁷οὐκ ἔστιν Θεὸς νεκρῶν ἀλλὰ ζώντων πολὺ πλανᾶσθε

²⁷He is not the God of the dead, but of the living. You are badly mistaken!”

The Greatest Commandment

²⁸Καὶ προσελθὼν εἷς τῶν γραμματέων ἀκούσας αὐτῶν συζητούντων ἰδὼν ὅτι καλῶς ἀπεκρίθη αὐτοῖς ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτόν Ποία ἐστὶν ἐντολὴ πρώτη πάντων

²⁸Now one of the scribes had come up and heard their debate. Noticing how well Jesus had answered them, he asked Him, “Which commandment is the most important of all?”

²⁹Ἀπεκρίθη ὁ Ἰησοῦς Ὅτι Πρώτη ἐστίν Ἄκουε Ἰσραήλ Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν Κύριος εἷς ἐστιν

²⁹Jesus replied, “This is the most important: ‘Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is One.

³⁰καὶ ἀγαπήσεις Κύριον τὸν Θεόν σου ἐξ ὅλης τῆς καρδίας σου καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ψυχῆς σου καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς διανοίας σου καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ἰσχύος σου

³⁰Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength.’^a

³¹δευτέρα αὕτη Ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν μείζων τούτων ἄλλη ἐντολὴ οὐκ ἔστιν

³¹The second is this: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’^a No other commandment is greater than these.”

³²Καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ ὁ γραμματεύς Καλῶς Διδάσκαλε ἐπ’ ἀληθείας εἶπες ὅτι εἷς ἐστιν καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ἄλλος πλὴν αὐτοῦ

³²“Right, Teacher,” the scribe replied. “You have stated correctly that God is One and there is no other but Him,

³³καὶ τὸ ἀγαπᾶν αὐτὸν ἐξ ὅλης τῆς καρδίας καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς συνέσεως καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ἰσχύος καὶ τὸ ἀγαπᾶν τὸν πλησίον ὡς ἑαυτὸν περισσότερόν ἐστιν πάντων τῶν ὁλοκαυτωμάτων καὶ θυσιῶν

³³and to love Him with all your heart and with all your understanding and with all your strength, and to love your neighbor as yourself. This is more important than all burnt offerings and sacrifices.”

³⁴Καὶ ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἰδὼν αὐτὸν ὅτι νουνεχῶς ἀπεκρίθη εἶπεν αὐτῷ Οὐ μακρὰν εἶ ἀπὸ τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ οὐδεὶς οὐκέτι ἐτόλμα αὐτὸν ἐπερωτῆσαι

³⁴When Jesus saw that the man had answered wisely, He said, “You are not far from the kingdom of God.”

And no one dared to question Him any further.

Whose Son Is the Christ?

³⁵Καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἔλεγεν διδάσκων ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ Πῶς λέγουσιν οἱ γραμματεῖς ὅτι ὁ Χριστὸς υἱὸς Δαυίδ ἐστιν

³⁵While Jesus was teaching in the temple courts,^a He asked, “How can the scribes say that the Christ is the Son of David?

³⁶αὐτὸς Δαυὶδ εἶπεν ἐν τῷ Πνεύματι τῷ Ἁγίῳ Εἶπεν Κύριος τῷ Κυρίῳ μου Κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου Ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου Ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν σου

³⁶Speaking by the Holy Spirit, David himself declared:

‘The Lord said to my Lord,

“Sit at My right hand

until I put Your enemies

under Your feet.”’^a

³⁷Αὐτὸς Δαυὶδ λέγει αὐτὸν Κύριον καὶ πόθεν αὐτοῦ ἐστιν υἱός Καὶ ὁ πολὺς ὄχλος ἤκουεν αὐτοῦ ἡδέως

³⁷David himself calls Him ‘Lord.’ So how can He be David’s son?”

And the large crowd listened to Him with delight.

Beware of the Scribes

³⁸Καὶ ἐν τῇ διδαχῇ αὐτοῦ ἔλεγεν Βλέπετε ἀπὸ τῶν γραμματέων τῶν θελόντων ἐν στολαῖς περιπατεῖν καὶ ἀσπασμοὺς ἐν ταῖς ἀγοραῖς

³⁸In His teaching Jesus also said, “Watch out for the scribes. They like to walk around in long robes, to receive greetings in the marketplaces,

³⁹καὶ πρωτοκαθεδρίας ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς καὶ πρωτοκλισίας ἐν τοῖς δείπνοις

³⁹and to have the chief seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at banquets.

⁴⁰οἱ κατεσθίοντες τὰς οἰκίας τῶν χηρῶν καὶ προφάσει μακρὰ προσευχόμενοι οὗτοι λήμψονται περισσότερον κρίμα

⁴⁰They defraud widows of their houses,^a and for a show make lengthy prayers. These men will receive greater condemnation.”

The Widow’s Offering

⁴¹Καὶ καθίσας κατέναντι τοῦ γαζοφυλακίου ἐθεώρει πῶς ὁ ὄχλος βάλλει χαλκὸν εἰς τὸ γαζοφυλάκιον καὶ πολλοὶ πλούσιοι ἔβαλλον πολλά

⁴¹As Jesus was sitting opposite the treasury, He watched the crowd putting money into it. And many rich people put in large amounts.

⁴²καὶ ἐλθοῦσα μία χήρα πτωχὴ ἔβαλεν λεπτὰ δύο ὅ ἐστιν κοδράντης

⁴²Then one poor widow came and put in two small copper coins, which amounted to a small fraction of a denarius.^a

⁴³Καὶ προσκαλεσάμενος τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς Ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι ἡ χήρα αὕτη ἡ πτωχὴ πλεῖον πάντων ἔβαλεν τῶν βαλλόντων εἰς τὸ γαζοφυλάκιον

⁴³Jesus called His disciples to Him and said, “Truly I tell you, this poor widow has put more than all the others into the treasury.

⁴⁴πάντες γὰρ ἐκ τοῦ περισσεύοντος αὐτοῖς ἔβαλον αὕτη δὲ ἐκ τῆς ὑστερήσεως αὐτῆς πάντα ὅσα εἶχεν ἔβαλεν ὅλον τὸν βίον αὐτῆς

⁴⁴For they all contributed out of their surplus, but she out of her poverty has put in all she had to live on.”