διά

διά (before a vowel δ᾽, exc. Romans 8:10, 2 Corinthians 5:7, and in (Proper name)s; Tdf., Pr., 94),

prep. with genitive, accusative, as in cl.;

1. with genitive, through;

(i) of Place, after verbs of motion or action: Matthew 2:12; 12:43, Mark 2:23, Luke 4:30, John 4:4, 2 Corinthians 11:33, al.; σώζεσθαι (διας-) δ. πυρός, ὕδατος, 1 Corinthians 3:15, 1 Peter 3:20; βλέπειν δ. ἐσόπτρου, 1 Corinthians 13:12; metaphorically, of a state or condition: Romans 14:20, 2 Corinthians 2:4; 5:7, 10; δ. γράμματος, ἀκροβυστίας (Lft., Notes, 263, 279), Romans 2:27; 4:11; δι ̓ὑπομενῆς, Romans 8:25.

(ii) Of Time;

(a) during which: Matthew 26:61, Mark 14:58, Luke 5:5; δ. παντὸς τοῦ ζῆν, Hebrews 2:15; δ. παντός (διαπαντός in Mark 5:5, Luke 24:53), always, continually, Matthew 18:10, Acts 2:25" (LXX) 10:2 24:16, Romans 11:10" (LXX), 2 Thessalonians 3:16, Hebrews 9:6; 13:15.

(b) within which: Acts 1:3; δ. νυκτός, Acts 5:19; 16:9; 17:10; 23:31;

(with) after which (Field, Notes, 20; Abbott, JG, 255f.): Mark 2:1, Acts 24:17, Galatians 2:1.

(iii) Of the Means or Instrument;

(1) of the efficient cause (regarded also as the instrument): of God, Romans 11:36, 1 Corinthians 1:9, Galatians 4:7, Hebrews 2:10; 7:21; of Christ, Romans 1:8; 5:1, 17, 1 Corinthians 15:21, 1 Peter 4:11, al.; δ. τ. ὑμῶν δεήσεως, Romans 1:12, 2 Corinthians 1:4, Galatians 4:23, al.;

(2) of the agent, instrument or means;

(a) with genitive of person(s), Matthew 11:2, Luke 1:70, John 1:17, Acts 1:16, Romans 2:16, 1 Corinthians 1:21, Ephesians 1:5, Hebrews 2:14, Revelation 1:1, al.; ὑπὸ τ. κυρίου δ. τ. προφήτου (δ. τ. κυρίου, 1 Thessalonians 4:2 (M, Th., in l.); Lft., Rev., 121f.), Matthew 1:22; 2:15, Romans 1:2; δ. ἐπιστολῆς ὡς δ. ἡμῶν (Field, Notes, 202), 2 Thessalonians 2:2; δ. Σ. (NTD, 22), 1 Peter 5:12;

(b) with genitive of thing(s) (where often the simple dative is used in cl.; Jannaris, Gr., 375), John 11:4, Acts 5:12; δ. τ. πίστεως, Romans 3:30; δ. λόγου θεοῦ, 1 Peter 1:23; δ. παραβολῆς, Luke 8:4; δουλεύειν δ. τ. ἀγάπης, Galatians 5:13; δ. ἐπαγγελίας, Galatians 3:18,

2. C. accusative;

(i) rarely, as with genitive, through (Hom), δ. μέσον Σαμαρίας (ICC, in l.; Bl., §42, 1; Robertson, Gr., 581), Luke 17:11.

(ii) by reason of, because of, for the sake of;

(a) with accusative of person(s) (M, Pr., 105), Mark 2:27, John 6:57; 11:42, Romans 8:20;

(b) with accusative of thing(s), δ. φθόνον, Matthew 27:18, Mark 15:10; δ. φόβον, John 7:13; 20:19; δ. ἀγάπην, Ephesians 2:4; δ. τοῦτο, freq., for this cause, therefore, Matthew 6:25, Mark 6:14, Luke 11:49, John 6:65, al.; id. before ὅτι, John 5:16; 10:17, al.; δ. τί, why, Matthew 9:11, 14, Mark 2:18, John 7:45, al.; δ. τό, with inf., Mark 5:4, Luke 9:7, James 4:2.

3. In composition,

(1) through, as in διαβαίνω;

(2) of separation, asunder, as in διασπάω;

(3) of distribution, abroad, as in διαγγέλλω;

(4) of transition, as διαλλάσσω;

(5) of "perfective" action (M, Pr., 112f., 115f.), as διαφύγω, διακαθαρίζω.