Rehoboam

Rehoboam was the son of Solomon and the first king of Judah after the division of the kingdom.

The name Rehoboam means “who sets the people at liberty”

MaleKingTribe of JudahUnited Monarchy and Divided Monarchy eraOld & New Testaments4 books56 verses

Summary

A king of Judah living at the time of United Monarchyand Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1 Kings 11:43; referred to as Rehoboam (רְחַבְעָם) or Rehoboam (Ῥοβοάμ); son of Solomon and Naamah; a brother of Taphath and Basemath; husband of Maacah, Mahalath and Abihail; father of Abijah, Jeush, Shemariah, Zaham, Attai, Ziza and Shelomith; founder of Tekoa.

Profile

Rehoboam was the son of Solomon and an Ammonite woman (1 Kings 14:21). He became king at forty-one. He ruled for seventeen years, from 931 to 913 BC. He is known for causing the division of Solomon's kingdom and for being the first king of Judah, the southern kingdom.

When Solomon died in 931 BC, Judah quickly made Rehoboam king. The ten northern tribes hesitated to support him. They wanted relief from Solomon's harsh policies (see 1 Kings 12:4; 2 Chronicles 10:4). The king's older advisers suggested he agree to their requests, but he ignored them. Instead, he listened to younger advisers who told him to be tougher than his father. The northern tribes rebelled and made Jeroboam, Solomon's former labor official, their king. Rehoboam went to war to control the north, but God sent the prophet Shemaiah to tell him it was useless. The split was God's judgment (2 Chronicles 11:1–4). So, Rehoboam returned to Judah and strengthened his borders (2 Chronicles 11:5–12).

When Jeroboam started a new false religion in the northern kingdom, priests and Levites moved south. They strengthened the spiritual life of the area and helped keep Judah stable (2 Chronicles 11:13–17). However, Rehoboam eventually turned to idol worship too. The people of Judah built high places and pagan sanctuaries across the land, adopting corrupt religious practices from nearby nations (1 Kings 14:22–24). God stopped supporting Rehoboam, leaving him vulnerable when King Shishak of Egypt attacked in 926 to 925 BC and took many valuable items from the temple (1 Kings 14:25–26; 2 Chronicles 12:1–5). Rehoboam then replaced Solomon’s gold shields with bronze ones (1 Kings 14:27). This symbolized the loss of Judah’s glory due to false worship.

Passages for Further Study

1 Kings 12:1–24; 14:21–31; 2 Chronicles 9:31–12:16

Events

Dates are approximate

Glossary entries

Rehoboam Roboam

Family members

Father

Solomon

Mother

Naamah

Siblings

Basemath Taphath

Alternative names

Mentions

Includes 14 verses that refer to Rehoboam without naming them, as “he”, “she”, or the subject of a verb.

  1. 1 Kings 11:43רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    And Solomon rested with his fathers and was buried in the city of his father David. And his son Rehoboam reigned in his place.
  2. 1 Kings 12:1רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Then Rehoboam went to Shechem, for all Israel had gone there to make him king.
  3. 1 Kings 12:3רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    So they sent for Jeroboam, and he and the whole assembly of Israel came to Rehoboam and said,
  4. 1 Kings 12:4Referred to, not named
    “Your father put a heavy yoke on us. But now you must lighten the burden of your father’s service and the heavy yoke he put on us, and we will serve you.”
  5. 1 Kings 12:5Referred to, not named
    Rehoboam answered, “Go away for three days and then return to me.” So the people departed.
  6. 1 Kings 12:6רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Then King Rehoboam consulted with the elders who had served his father Solomon during his lifetime. “How do you advise me to respond to these people?” he asked.
  7. 1 Kings 12:12רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    After three days, Jeroboam and all the people returned to Rehoboam, since the king had said, “Come back to me on the third day.”
  8. 1 Kings 12:17רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    …but Rehoboam still reigned over the Israelites living in the cities of Judah.
  9. 1 Kings 12:18רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Then King Rehoboam sent out Adoram, who was in charge of the forced labor, but all Israel stoned him to death. And King Rehoboam mounted his chariot in haste and escaped to Jerusalem.
  10. 1 Kings 12:21רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    And when Rehoboam arrived in Jerusalem, he mobilized the whole house of Judah and the tribe of Benjamin—180,000 chosen warriors—to fight against the house of Israel and restore the kingdom to Rehoboam son of Solomon.
  11. 1 Kings 12:23רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    “Tell Rehoboam son of Solomon king of Judah, all the house of Judah and Benjamin, and the rest of the people
  12. 1 Kings 12:24Referred to, not named
    …that this is what the LORD says: ‘You are not to go up and fight against your brothers, the Israelites. Each of you must return home, for this is My doing.’” So they listened to the word of the LORD and turned back according to the word of the LORD.
  13. 1 Kings 12:27רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    If these people go up to offer sacrifices in the house of the LORD at Jerusalem, their hearts will return to their lord, Rehoboam king of Judah; then they will kill me and return to Rehoboam king of Judah.”
  14. 1 Kings 14:21רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Meanwhile, Rehoboam son of Solomon reigned in Judah. He was forty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city the LORD had chosen from all the tribes of Israel in which to put His Name. His mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonite.
  15. 1 Kings 14:25רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    In the fifth year of Rehoboam’s reign, Shishak king of Egypt attacked Jerusalem.
  16. 1 Kings 14:27רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Then King Rehoboam made bronze shields in their place and committed them to the care of the captains of the guard on duty at the entrance to the royal palace.
  17. 1 Kings 14:29רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    As for the rest of the acts of Rehoboam, along with all that he did, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah?
  18. 1 Kings 14:30רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    There was war between Rehoboam and Jeroboam throughout their days.
  19. 1 Kings 14:31רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    And Rehoboam rested with his fathers and was buried with them in the City of David; his mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonite. And his son Abijam reigned in his place.
  20. 1 Kings 15:6רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    And there was war between the houses of Rehoboam and Jeroboam all the days of Abijam’s life.
  21. 1 Chronicles 3:10רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Solomon’s son was Rehoboam: Abijah was his son, Asa his son, Jehoshaphat his son,
  22. 2 Chronicles 9:31רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    And Solomon rested with his fathers and was buried in the city of his father David. And his son Rehoboam reigned in his place.
  23. 2 Chronicles 10:1רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Then Rehoboam went to Shechem, for all Israel had gone there to make him king.
  24. 2 Chronicles 10:3רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    So they sent for Jeroboam, and he and all Israel came to Rehoboam and said,
  25. 2 Chronicles 10:4Referred to, not named
    “Your father put a heavy yoke on us. But now you must lighten the burden of your father’s service and the heavy yoke he put on us, and we will serve you.”
  26. 2 Chronicles 10:5Referred to, not named
    Rehoboam answered, “Come back to me in three days.” So the people departed.
  27. 2 Chronicles 10:6רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Then King Rehoboam consulted with the elders who had served his father Solomon during his lifetime. “How do you advise me to respond to these people?” he asked.
  28. 2 Chronicles 10:12רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    After three days, Jeroboam and all the people returned to Rehoboam, since the king had said, “Come back to me on the third day.”
  29. 2 Chronicles 10:13רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    And the king answered them harshly. King Rehoboam rejected the advice of the elders
  30. 2 Chronicles 10:17רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    …but Rehoboam still reigned over the Israelites living in the cities of Judah.
  31. 2 Chronicles 10:18רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Then King Rehoboam sent out Hadoram, who was in charge of the forced labor, but the Israelites stoned him to death. And King Rehoboam mounted his chariot in haste and escaped to Jerusalem.
  32. 2 Chronicles 11:1רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    When Rehoboam arrived in Jerusalem, he mobilized the house of Judah and Benjamin—180,000 chosen warriors—to fight against Israel and restore the kingdom to Rehoboam.
  33. 2 Chronicles 11:3רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    “Tell Rehoboam son of Solomon king of Judah and all the Israelites in Judah and Benjamin
  34. 2 Chronicles 11:4Referred to, not named
    …that this is what the LORD says: ‘You are not to go up and fight against your brothers. Each of you must return home, for this is My doing.’” So they listened to the words of the LORD and turned back from going against Jeroboam.
  35. 2 Chronicles 11:5רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Rehoboam lived in Jerusalem, and he built up cities for defense in Judah.
  36. 2 Chronicles 11:6Referred to, not named
    He built up Bethlehem, Etam, Tekoa,
  37. 2 Chronicles 11:11Referred to, not named
    He strengthened their fortifications and put officers in them, with supplies of food, oil, and wine.
  38. 2 Chronicles 11:12Referred to, not named
    He also put shields and spears in all the cities and strengthened them greatly. So Judah and Benjamin belonged to him.
  39. 2 Chronicles 11:13Referred to, not named
    Moreover, the priests and Levites from all their districts throughout Israel stood with Rehoboam.
  40. 2 Chronicles 11:17רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    So they strengthened the kingdom of Judah and supported Rehoboam son of Solomon for three years, because they walked for three years in the way of David and Solomon.
  41. 2 Chronicles 11:18רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    And Rehoboam married Mahalath, who was the daughter of David’s son Jerimoth and of Abihail, the daughter of Jesse’s son Eliab.
  42. 2 Chronicles 11:19Referred to, not named
    She bore sons to him: Jeush, Shemariah, and Zaham.
  43. 2 Chronicles 11:20Referred to, not named
    After her, he married Maacah daughter of Absalom, and she bore to him Abijah, Attai, Ziza, and Shelomith.
  44. 2 Chronicles 11:21רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Rehoboam loved Maacah daughter of Absalom more than all his wives and concubines. In all, he had eighteen wives and sixty concubines, and he was the father of twenty-eight sons and sixty daughters.
  45. 2 Chronicles 11:22רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Rehoboam appointed Abijah son of Maacah as chief prince among his brothers, intending to make him king.
  46. 2 Chronicles 11:23Referred to, not named
    Rehoboam also acted wisely by dispersing some of his sons throughout the districts of Judah and Benjamin, and to all the fortified cities. He gave them abundant provisions and sought many wives for them.
  47. 2 Chronicles 12:1רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    After Rehoboam had established his sovereignty and royal power, he and all Israel with him forsook the Law of the LORD.
  48. 2 Chronicles 12:2רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    In the fifth year of Rehoboam’s reign, because they had been unfaithful to the LORD, Shishak king of Egypt attacked Jerusalem
  49. 2 Chronicles 12:5רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Then Shemaiah the prophet came to Rehoboam and the leaders of Judah who had gathered at Jerusalem because of Shishak, and he said to them, “This is what the LORD says: ‘You have forsaken Me; therefore, I have forsaken you into the hand of Shishak.’”
  50. 2 Chronicles 12:10רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Then King Rehoboam made bronze shields in their place and committed them to the care of the captains of the guard on duty at the entrance to the royal palace.
  51. 2 Chronicles 12:13רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Thus King Rehoboam established himself in Jerusalem and reigned. He was forty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city the LORD had chosen from all the tribes of Israel in which to put His Name. His mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonite.
  52. 2 Chronicles 12:14Referred to, not named
    And Rehoboam did evil because he did not set his heart to seek the LORD.
  53. 2 Chronicles 12:15רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Now the acts of Rehoboam, from first to last, are they not written in the records of Shemaiah the Prophet and of Iddo the Seer concerning the genealogies? There was war between Rehoboam and Jeroboam throughout their days.
  54. 2 Chronicles 12:16רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    And Rehoboam rested with his fathers and was buried in the City of David. And his son Abijah reigned in his place.
  55. 2 Chronicles 13:7רְחַבְעָם · Rehoboam
    Then worthless and wicked men gathered around him to resist Rehoboam son of Solomon when he was young, inexperienced, and unable to resist them.
  56. Matthew 1:7Ῥοβοάμ · Roboam
    Solomon the father of Rehoboam, Rehoboam the father of Abijah, and Abijah the father of Asa.