2 Samuel 8:3

Translations

Modern

David also defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, who had marched out to restore his dominion along the Euphrates River.

Traditional

David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates.

Literal

And David defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob king of Zobah as he went to recover his hand at the River.

Latin

Et percussit David Adarezer filium Rohob regem Soba, quando profectus est ut dominaretur super flumen Euphraten.

Original

Hebrew

English

David also defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, who had marched out to restore his dominion along the Euphrates River.

Notes

2 Samuel 8:3

Hadadezer appears again in 2 Samuel 10:16 as David's enemy. He may have been the direct son and successor of Rehob. Or he may have been the ruling king from a royal family begun by a king named Rehob. This kingdom was located near the northern city of Dan (see Judges 18:28; compare Numbers 13:21).
Zobah was north and east of David’s kingdom.
who had marched out: The Hebrew text uses a pronoun that simply means “he.” This could refer to Hadadezer, as the Berean Standard Bible translates it. However, some interpreters suggest it could refer to David, meaning that David marched out to strengthen his control over the region.
The Euphrates River: The Hebrew text says only “the river.” First Chronicles 18:3 clearly identifies this river as the Euphrates River. Compare 2 Samuel 10:16.

2 Samuel 8:1–18

David’s military victories expanded his kingdom (2 Samuel 8:1–14). He also set up an organized group of officials who helped govern the nation (2 Samuel 8:15–18). Together, these developments fulfilled God’s promise to make David’s name well known and honored (2 Samuel 7:9; see also 8:13).

Theme notes and profiles

Arameans David

Events

Reign of David

Related verses

1 Samuel 14:47
After Saul had assumed the kingship over Israel, he fought against all his enemies on every side—the Moabites, the Ammonites, the Edomites, the kings of Zobah, and the Philistines. Wherever he turned, he routed them.
2 Samuel 10:16
Hadadezer sent messengers to bring more Arameans from beyond the Euphrates, and they came to Helam with Shobach the commander of Hadadezer’s army leading them.
2 Samuel 10:19
When all the kings who were subject to Hadadezer saw that they had been defeated by Israel, they made peace with Israel and became subject to them. So the Arameans were afraid to help the Ammonites anymore.
1 Chronicles 18:3
As far as Hamath, David also defeated King Hadadezer of Zobah, who had marched out to establish his dominion along the Euphrates River.
2 Samuel 10:6
When the Ammonites realized that they had become a stench to David, they hired twenty thousand Aramean foot soldiers from Beth-rehob and Zoba, as well as a thousand men from the king of Maacah and twelve thousand men from Tob.
1 Kings 4:21
And Solomon reigned over all the kingdoms from the Euphrates to the land of the Philistines, as far as the border of Egypt. These kingdoms offered tribute and served Solomon all the days of his life.
Psalm 60:1
For the choirmaster. To the tune of “The Lily of the Covenant.” A Miktam of David for instruction. When he fought Aram-naharaim and Aram-zobah, and Joab returned and struck down 12,000 Edomites in the Valley of Salt. You have rejected us, O God; You have broken us; You have been angry; restore us!
Genesis 15:18
On that day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, “To your descendants I have given this land—from the river of Egypt to the great River Euphrates—
Psalm 72:8
May he rule from sea to sea, and from the Euphrates to the ends of the earth.
Deuteronomy 11:24
Every place where the sole of your foot treads will be yours. Your territory will extend from the wilderness to Lebanon, and from the Euphrates River to the Western Sea.
Exodus 23:31
And I will establish your borders from the Red Sea to the Sea of the Philistines, and from the desert to the Euphrates. For I will deliver the inhabitants into your hand, and you will drive them out before you.
1 Kings 11:23–24
And God raised up against Solomon another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his master, Hadadezer king of Zobah,

Parallels

1 Chronicles 18:1–13 Psalm 60:1–12

People

David: Anointed king of Israel, ancestor of Jesus Christ Hadadezer: King of Zobah, defeated by David Rehob: Father of Hadadezer, king of Zobah

Places

Euphrates: Major river in ancient Near East; boundary of Promised Land Zobah: An Aramean kingdom, enemy of Israel during David's reign

Glossary

Aram-Zobah David Euphrates River Hadadezer Land Numbers, Book of Palestine Rehob (Person) Samuel, Books of First and Second Syria, Syrians Zobah

Topics

Euphrates: The Eastern Limit of the Kingdom of Israel Hadadezer: King of Zobah, Vanquished by David Rehob: Father of Hadadezer, King of Zobah Syria: Conquest of by David Syria: Minor Kingdoms Within the Region: Aram-Zobah, Also Called, Zobah and Zoba Zobah: Conquest of, by David

2 Samuel 8:3

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